Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

KNOWLEDGE ENHANCEMENT REGARDING HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA THROUGH EDUCATION IN THE CIKUPA COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER WORKING AREA

Shalisha Marvela Vantya, Zita Atzmardina — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral blood vessel diseases. Hypercholesterolemia cases at the Cikupa Community Health Center were reported to have increased from January-June 2022 from 147 cases to 283 cases in the January-June 2023 period. The invention aims to increase public knowledge about hypercholesterolemia. Data was collected using a mini survey and identification of the source of the problem using the Blum Paradigm. Problem priority is determined using the Delphi non-scoring method. Identify the root cause of the problem with a fishbone diagram. The activity begins by distributing pre-test sheets for respondents to fill out, then after the counseling there is a question and answer session before filling in the post-test. The successful results of counseling can be seen from the pre-test and post-test scores. The research results showed that there was success in counseling seen from the pre-test and post-test scores. The data were analyzed using the paired T test and the results showed that there was a significant mean difference (P<0.002) with a mean difference value of 12.85. Based on these results, it can be concluded that this counseling was successful.

NURSE PERFORMANCE INFLUENCES DOCUMENTATION SUCCESS IN IMPLEMENTING DISCHARGE PLANNING IN INPATIENT CARE AT THE HOSPITAL IN BANJARMASIN

Noor Amaliah, Noor Hadijah, Zainal Aripin — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Nurse performance is an activity in implementing authority, duties and responsibilities in order to achieve the main tasks of the profession and organization. Discharge planning is a stage that has the goal of preparing the patient during the post-treatment transition period so that he can return home. Purpose of this study in general was to determine the corre. lation between nurse performance and successful documentation in the implementation of discharge planning at inpatient care at Hospital, Banjarmasin. Method this research is quantitative by using infants and post-partum care, totaling 6,5 executive nurse. in taking the simple Random Sampling Technique. Result. Thus it can be concluded that there is a correlation between the performance variables of nurses and the implementation of discharge planning in the inpatient care of Hospital, Banjarmasin. Health services are expected to always improve the performance of good nurses for health services, especially nurses in implementing discharge planning for patients, nurse performance is very important in completing nursing tasks such as implementing discharge planning in hospitalization. In order to create good quality for the quality of health services in hospitals.

EFFECT OF MORINGA (Moringa oleifera) LEAF FLOUR ETHANOL EXTRACT ON REDUCTION OF BLOOD GLUCOSE IN MALE WISTAR STRAIN RATS INDUCED BY ALLOXAN

Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study is to determine the effect of giving ethanol extract of moringa leaf flour (Moringa oleifera) on reducing blood glucose levels of alloxan-induced Wistar Rattus norvegicus male rats. Using a true experimental design with a randomized pre and post control group approach. The sample used consisted of 35 male Wistar white rats. Data collection using simple random sampling technique. Paired t test gives the results of p<0.05 in all treatment groups, meaning that there are differences in fasting blood glucose levels of hyperglycemic rats before and after treatment. One way ANOVA test gave the result of p<0.001, meaning that all treatment groups showed a significant difference in the mean difference in fasting blood glucose levels before and after treatment. LSD post hoc test results showed a significant mean difference in fasting blood glucose levels before and after treatment of P1 and P2 with all treatment groups (p<0.001). Probit analysis test obtained ED₅₀=1447,84 mg/kgBB.

SARCOPENIA IN ELDERLY PATIENTS: WHAT ARE THE CONTRIBUTING RISK FACTORS?

Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Sarcopenia in Elderly Patients: What are the Contributing Risk Factors?. Sarcopenia is the gradual loss of muscle mass associated with aging. The process by which sarcopenia occurs is not fully understood. Many factors are at risk of causing sarcopenia, such as age, gender, and physical activity. Early detection with the SARC-F questionnaire is needed to prevent sarcopenia. This study is a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach with total sampling to see the description of sarcopenia and risk factors in elderly patients at the Geriatric Polyclinic of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang. Primary data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire, and then analyzed univariately. A total of 48.4% of the elderly at the Geriatric Polyclinic of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang had sarcopenia findings. Patients in the sarcopenia group were mostly aged 70-79 years (41.9%), female (64.5%), married (58.1%), history of primary education (32.3%), had worked (58.1%), had mild comorbidities (58.1%), sedentary physical activity (74.2%), and at risk of malnutrition (54.8%).

CASE REPORT: CHOANAL ATRESIA IN CHILDREN

Christopher Martinus Susanto, Guntur Surya — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Choanal atresia is a disorder in which there is a congenital membrane or bone in one or both choanas due to the failure of the buconasalis membrane to divide from the embryonic period. Currently, there is still controversy about the effectiveness of various surgical techniques and the need for post-surgical use of stents and anti-neoplastic agents. Provides information regarding the diagnosis and management of choanal atresia. A 15-year-old female with bilateral choanal atresia. The patient underwent endonasal choanoplasty. Choanal was patented until the 8th week of post-operative evaluation. Management of choanal atresia. Making a neo-unicoana with a mucosal mesh is one of the effective surgical techniques for treating choanal atresia

SPECIFIC ROLE OF IL-1Β IN URIC ACID-RELATED INFLAMMATION : A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Rona Hawa Kamilah, Salni, Ziske Maritska, Fatmawati — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Inflammatory conditions in hyperuricemia are caused by monosodium urate crystals that induce the release of IL-1β, marking a crucial milestone in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia. Several studies have linked the relationship between serum uric acid levels and the release of IL-1β. IL-1β plays a key role in the pathogenesis of gout. The IL-1β signaling is currently considered an initiating event that triggers uric acid inflammation and promotes the recruitment of a large number of neutrophils to the inflammatory site. Neutrophil activation caused by crystals results in the inhibition of apoptosis, degranulation, the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), TNF-α, IL-1β, and PGE2, as well as the formation of extracellular neutrophil tissue, further reinforcing the inflammatory process. Recent research indicates that hyperuricemia patients have significantly higher levels of IL-1β. Other studies suggest that elevated IL-1β levels correlate with a more severe anatomical pathology in the joint tissues of rat ankles, including synovial hyperplasia, cartilage damage, and bone erosion.

MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS (MSCS) AS A THERAPY FOR CHRONIC WOUND HEALING IN DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS: A REVIEW ARTICLE

Nedya Bellinawati, Legiran — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Diabetic foot ulcer is a chronic and frequent complication in diabetic patients. Foot ulcers occur in 15-25% of people with diabetes, and most of them require amputation. Conventional treatments for DFU have not been effective enough to reduce the amputation rates. Thus, an effective method to accelerate the healing of diabetic foot ulcers is required. Recently, stem cells have emerged as a promising adjuvant therapy. One of the numerous types of stem cells used in chronic wound healing therapy is Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). MSCs may be associated with shorter wound healing time, rapid tissue regeneration, and reduced risk of lower limb amputation through all mechanisms. This article summarizes and critically reviews the published literature on the use of MSCs to enhance chronic wound healing in DFUs.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HAND WASHING HABITS AND SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTH INFECTIONS IN STUDENTS AT PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 106856 TANJUNG BERINGIN

Diah Wulan Safitri, Nelli Murlina — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This Study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the habit of washing hands and STH infection in students of State Elementary School 106856 Tanjung Beringin, Serdang Bedagai, North Sumatra. This type of research is analytic observational. The research design used was a cross sectional study. The research will be conducted at SD Negeri 106856 Tanjung Beringin, Serdang Bedagai, North Sumatra. Examination of STH eggs will be carried out in the Parasitology laboratory of FK UMSU by means of the Kato-Katz examination. Sampling in this study used the total sampling method, where all students in grades I-VI became the research sample. Data analysis used the chi square test. The incidence of STH infection in students of SD Negeri 106856 was 29.4%. The results of the chi-square test between hand washing habits and STH infection were P-Value <0.05 (0.000 <0.05). There is a relationship between the habit of washing hands and STH infection in class I-VI students of Elementary School 106856 Tanjung Beringin, Serdang Bedagai, North Sumatra in 2022.

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA CAUSING SECONDARY WOUND INFECTIONS IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN JAMBI CITY

Qatrinnada Maulidya Akmal, Hanina, Humaryanto, Lipinwati, Rita Halim — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The isolation and identification of secondary wound infection bacteria in diabetic patients in Jambi City are crucial for developing effective treatment strategies. The diversity of infecting bacteria underscores the importance of discerning the most prevalent types. This research aims to identify bacteria causing secondary wound infections in diabetic patients. Researchers obtained samples for this descriptive cross-sectional study by swabbing the incisions of diabetic patients at RSUD H. Abdul Manap in Jambi City between August and October 2023. Gram staining, culturing, and enzymatic tests were performed on the samples. Out of 21 samples, the age group most affected was 45-59 years (61.9%), predominantly male (81%), engaged in high-risk occupations (42.9%), with lower extremity wounds (90.5%), and primary wounds diagnosed as vulnus scissum and vulnus abrasio (33.3%). In contrast, DM ulcers constituted 66.7% of secondary wound infections in diabetic patients. Bacterial identification revealed Staphylococcus aureus as the predominant species (42.9%) responsible for secondary wound infections in diabetic patients. This study underscores the dominance of Staphylococcus aureus in secondary wound infections among diabetic patients.

MicroRNA (miRNA) PROFILING IN PROSTATE CANCER CARCINOGENESIS: EXPLORATORY RESEARCH

Maria Ulfa, Krisna Murti — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Future research will continue to be carried out in terms of looking for molecular markers involved in the early processes of carcinogenesis, metastasis and therapeutic targets in prostate cancer patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that contribute to prostate cancer progression by controlling genes involved in the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway, ectopic expression of proteins involved in the cell cycle and apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis of cancer stem cells (CSCs). This study was an exploratory study, the aim was to assess miRNA expression in low histopathological grade prostate cancer compared with high histopathological grade prostate cancer. The novelty of this research is to assess the 25 most increased (up-regulated) and 25 lowest (down-regulated) miRNAs from 800 types of miRNA. Next, we will analyze the mechanisms and confirm the carcinogenesis of prostate cancer. The research results can be used for further research data, especially for targeted therapy in prostate cancer patients.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VISCERAL FAT AND RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused changes in student’s lifestyles, triggering visceral fat accumulation. Visceral fat accumulation increases the risk of obstructive sleep apnea because it causes airway collapse. This study aims to determine the relationship between visceral fat and the risk level of obstructive sleep apnea in medical students. The study used a cross-sectional design on 55 students from the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, using a simple random sampling technique. Visceral fat was measured using the Tanita Body Composition analyzer, while the obstructive sleep apnea risk level was measured using the stop-bang questionnaire. The body mass index differed between the normal and high visceral fat groups (p=0.000). There were no differences in age, sedentary behavior, and eating habits between visceral fat groups (p > 0.05). Chi-square exact test results showed a relationship between visceral fat and the risk level of obstructive sleep apnea (p = 0.018). The higher the visceral fat, the higher the risk level of obstructive sleep apnea.

THE IMPACT OF SEIZURES ON COGNITIVE ABILITIES OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Noveline Sagita, Putri Thalia Handoko, Ardo Sanjaya, Julia Windi Gunadi — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Neurocysticercosis is one of the most encountered infectious diseases caused by parasites. This condition is caused by an infection of the larvae (cysticercus) of the tapeworm Taenia Solium in the central nervous system. One of the many clinical manifestations of this condition is recurrent seizures that can eventually lead to damage to brain tissue and its functions. This literature review aims to discuss the effect of seizures on the cognitive function of patients diagnosed with neurocysticercosis. The method used in this study is a systematic review with search engines (PubMed and the Cochrane Library) using the keywords “neurocysticercosis” and “seizure” and “cognitive”. Inclusion criteria for this literature review include articles and journals published in the last 10 years with full-text access. We found 6 articles comparing the cognitive abilities of neurocysticercosis-diagnosed patients with healthy control. This literature review concluded that neurocysticercosis patients tend to have lower cognitive function in certain aspects compared to healthy controls.

ETHANOL EXTRACT OF ONION PEEL EFFECTIVELY REDUCES MALONDIALDEHYDE (MDA) LEVELS OF WISTAR RAT PLASMA INDUCED BY DIAZINON

Ilham Ardi Wibowo, Dina Helianti, Ulfa Elfiah, Rosita Dewi, Ayu Munawaroh Aziz — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Diazinon is an organophosphate pesticide commonly used by farmers. The use of diazinon can leave residues on agricultural products. Consumption of these products in the long term will cause health problems through oxidative stress mechanisms. Onion skin (Allium et al.) has a high content of flavonoids, which can neutralize oxidative stress. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of onion peel ethanol extract (OPEE) in reducing the plasma MDA level in diazinon-induced Wistar rats. Method This study is true experimental with a posttest-only control group design in vivo, using 28 samples divided based on a simple random sampling technique into four groups, i.e. the control group (K0), diazinon group (K1), OPEE groups P1 (300 mg/kgBW), P2 (600 mg/kgBW), P3 (900 mg/kgBW), P4 (1200 mg/kgBW), and P5 (2400 mg/kg BW). The examination of plasma MDA levels was carried out using the TBARS method. OPEE at doses of 300 mg/kgBW/day, 600 mg/kgBW/day, 900 mg/kgBW/day, 1200 mg/kgBW/day, and 2400 mg/kgBW/day significantly reduced the plasma MDA levels in diazinon-induced Wistar rats (p<0.05). The plasma MDA level in the OPEE group at a dose of 2400mg/kgBW/day was not significantly different from the control group, indicating that OPEE at a dose of 2400mg/kgBW/day could neutralize the increase of plasma MDA level in diazinon-induced Wistar rat. OPEE is effective in reducing the plasma MDA level in diazinon-induced Wistar rats.

SOE REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT USING THE BALANCED SCORECARD METHOD

Hasnawati Husen, Muntasir, Masrida Sinaga — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

An organization must assess the efficacy of its implemented performance measures. SoE Regional General Hospital is a local government agency specializing in public health services. This study endeavors to evaluate the performance of SoE Regional General Hospital (RSUD) by applying the Balanced Scorecard methodology. It was a descriptive quantitative study involving 81 respondents (54.9% female, 45.1% male), with a sample of 72 employees (72.8% female, 27.8% male). The findings indicate that RSUD SoE achieved a total performance measurement score of 0.6, categorizing it as 'good'. Specifically, revenue growth is observed from the financial perspective, albeit not reaching the target; expenditure costs remain within budget, and annual SILPA is reported. Customer satisfaction stands at 64.6%, representing a positive outcome in the customer perspective. Innovations in operational processes are evident in the internal business perspective, though inpatient service indicators fall short of Ministry of Health standards. Regarding growth and learning, employee satisfaction reaches 70.8%, with regular training programs and a favorable retention rate, indicating a conducive environment for employee productivity. Overall, the Balanced Scorecard assessment places the performance of the state-owned hospital within an acceptable range, indicating satisfactory performance levels.

FACTORS RELATED TO THE CLINICAL DEGREE OF MALARIA IN ELIMINATION AREAS IN INDONESIA

Aneke Theresia, Helda — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Malaria treatment depends on the clinical degree of the disease and can cause death if not treated appropriately. This study looks at factors associated with the clinical degree of malaria in elimination areas in Indonesia. The research design used a cross-sectional quantitative study of secondary data from the Malaria Surveillance Information System (Sismal) application in 2023 in all 9435 elimination districts in Indonesia. Analysis was conducted on each variable to see the frequency distribution and percentage of each variable. Data was processed with the SPSS program. Multivariate analysis showed that anemia (p=0.000; OR=11.748; CI 95% =7.833-17.620) and treatment status (p=0.000; OR=8.554; CI 95% =5.694-12.851) had p<0.05. It can be concluded that anemia and treatment status are significantly associated with the clinical degree of malaria. In elimination areas, because cases are rare, training is needed for health workers to provide appropriate and rapid diagnosis and treatment so that no infection or recurrence causes severe anemia and death. Many factors affect the clinical degree of malaria. However, the variables employed are constrained, necessitating further investigation into a comprehensive array of factors influencing the clinical severity of malaria.