FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ADHERENCE OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE TREATMENT

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with suboptimal treatment adherence. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with treatment adherence among COPD patients at the Lung Polyclinic of Prof. Dr. Chairudin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with stable COPD treated between January and May 2025. Demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and adherence data were collected using a structured questionnaire and the MMAS-8, and analyzed using the chi-square test. Most respondents were aged >50 years (79.1%), male (76.9%), high school graduates (49.5%), and had high economic status (70.3%). Good treatment adherence was observed in 80.2% of patients. Significant associations were found between adherence and age, education, economic status, distance to health facilities, degree of obstruction (GOLD), preferred inhaler device, knowledge, satisfaction with health facilities, family support, and COPD GOLD group (p<0.05). COPD treatment adherence was associated with demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, knowledge, inhaler preference, healthcare satisfaction, and family support factors.
 

ABSTRAK
Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian dan disabilitas di dunia, dengan tingkat kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan yang masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan adherensi pengobatan pasien PPOK di Poliklinik Paru RS Pendidikan Prof. Dr. Chairudin P. Lubis USU. Penelitian menggunakan desain crosssectional pada pasien PPOK stabil yang berobat selama Januari–Mei 2025. Data karakteristik demografi, sosial ekonomi, klinis, dan adherensi dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur dan MMAS-8, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Sebagian besar responden berusia >50 tahun (79,1%), laki- laki (76,9%), berpendidikan SMA/sederajat (49,5%), dan memiliki status ekonomi tinggi (70,3%). Sebanyak 80,2% pasien memiliki kepatuhan pengobatan yang baik. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara usia, pendidikan, status ekonomi, jarak ke fasilitas kesehatan, derajat obstruksi (GOLD), preferensi device inhaler, pengetahuan, kepuasan terhadap fasilitas kesehatan, dukungan keluarga, dan grup PPOK GOLD dengan adherensi pengobatan (p<0,05). Adherensi pengobatan pada PPOK berhubungan dengan faktor demografi, sosial ekonomi, klinis, pengetahuan, preferensi inhaler, kepuasan layanan, dan dukungan keluarga.