CORRELATION BETWEEN DEPRESSION LEVELS AND HYPERTENSION INCIDENCE AT THE RESILIENT ELDERLY SCHOOL (SELANTANG) IN PASURUAN CITY, EAST JAVA
Main Article Content
Hypertension is a global health issue, particularly among the elderly, and can be influenced by psychological factors such as depression. This study investigated the relationship between depression and hypertension among the elderly in the SELANTANG community, Pasuruan City. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, the research involved 175 elderly participants from a total population of 240. Data were collected in August 2023 using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and blood pressure measurements. Results showed that most participants had isolated systolic hypertension, with an average systolic pressure of 142.58 mmHg and diastolic pressure of 83.00 mmHg. Despite a normal average depression score of 2, Spearman’s rank analysis indicated no significant correlation between depression levels and hypertension (p = 0.885 and p = 0.901). These findings suggest that hypertension management in the elderly should prioritize factors such as diet, lifestyle, and physical activity.
Keywords:
Health
Hypertension
Depression
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31. Sefriantina, S., Purwaningtyas, D. R., & Dhanny, D. R. (2023). Hubungan Tingkat Kecukupan Kalium, Kalsium, Magnesium, Tingkat Stres, Depresi dan Anxiety serta Kualitas Tidur dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Usia Dewasa Akhir di Sawangan Depok. Muhammadiyah Journal of Geriatric, 4(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.24853/mujg.4.1.10-22
2. Alhawari, V., & Pratiwi, A. (2021). Study Literature Review: Pengaruh Efektivitas Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok Terhadap Tingkat Depresi Pada Lansia. Jurnal Kesehatan, 10(1), 82–90. https://doi.org/10.37048/kesehatan.v10i1.342
3. Amasi-Hartoonian, N., Sforzini, L., Cattaneo, A., & Pariante, C. M. (2022). Cause or consequence? Understanding the role of cortisol in the increased inflammation observed in depression. Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research, 24, 100356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coemr.2022.100356
4. Angraeni, D., Tresnasari, C., & Sakinah, R. K. (2023). Karakteristik Hipertensi di Poli Klinik Penyakit Dalam. Bandung Conference Series: Medical Science, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsms.v3i1.6504
5. Baringbing, E. P. (2023). Pengaruh Karakteristik Pendidikan dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Pasien Rawat Jalan di RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah: The Influence of Education Characteristics on the Incident of Hypertension in Outpatient Patient at RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Central Kalimantan Province. Jurnal Surya Medika, 9(3), 124–130. https://doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v9i3.6492
6. Brigita, M., Hijrawati, H., & Artama, S. (2023). Characteristics and adherence of the elderly to the management of hypertension treatment. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 12(2), 435–444. https://doi.org/10.35816/jiskh.v12i2.1114
7. Chimberengwa, P. T., Naidoo, M., & on behalf of the cooperative inquiry group. (2019). Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to hypertension among residents of a disadvantaged rural community in southern Zimbabwe. PLOS ONE, 14(6), e0215500. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215500
8. Choi, Y., & Park, S. (2024). Change in Risk Factors for Depression among The Elderly Due to the COVID-19 Outbreak. Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics, 49(2), 132–141. https://doi.org/10.21032/jhis.2024.49.2.132
9. Connelly, P. J., Currie, G., & Delles, C. (2022). Sex Differences in the Prevalence, Outcomes and Management of Hypertension. Current Hypertension Reports, 24(6), 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-022-01183-8
10. Dewi, N., & Purnomosidi, F. (2019). The Role oOf Depression, Anxiety And Stress Against Hypertension In The Elderly. Psycho Idea, 17(2), 139. https://doi.org/10.30595/psychoidea.v17i2.4429
11. eBioKedokteran. (2023). Machine learning in hypertension: From diagnosis to personalised medicine. EBioMedicine, 92, 104658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104658
12. Greenberg, S. A. (2022). The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).
13. Henein, M. Y., Vancheri, S., Longo, G., & Vancheri, F. (2022). The Impact of Mental Stress on Cardiovascular Health—Part II. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(15), 4405. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154405
14. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023. https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/ski-2023-dalam-angka/
15. Li, S., Tan, I., Atkins, E., Schutte, A. E., & Gnanenthiran, S. R. (2024). The Pathophysiology, Prognosis and Treatment of Hypertension in Females from Pregnancy to Post-menopause: A Review. Current Heart Failure Reports, 21(4), 322–336. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-024-00672-y
16. Lukitaningtyas, D., & Cahyono, E. A. (2023). HIPERTENSI; ARTIKEL REVIEW. Pengembangan Ilmu dan Praktik Kesehatan, 2(2), 100–117. https://doi.org/10.56586/pipk.v2i2.272
17. Marwaha, K. (2022). Examining the Role of Psychosocial Stressors in Hypertension. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, 55(6), 499–505. https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.21.266
18. Mega, J. Y. (2024). Empowering Health: Unveiling the Impact of Self-Efficacy and Lifestyle on Hypertension Management. Journal of Current Health Sciences, 4(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.47679/jchs.202460
19. Naviganuntana, Y., Kerdcharoen, N., & Rawdaree, P. (2022). Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Elderly Individuals Living in Urban Communities. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, Volume 15, 855–864. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S348782
20. Nurbaiti, Noor, N. N., Arsin, A. A., Andi Zulkifli, Arifin Seweng, & Suryani Tawali. (2024). Analysing The Role of Lifestyle Factors on Hypertension Among Rural Indonesian Adults: A Case-Control Study. National Journal of Community Medicine, 15(03), 167–174. https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.150320243633
21. Pal, G. K., Habeebullah, S., Subha, M., & Pal, P. (2021). Sympathovagal imbalance, cardiometabolic risks and hypertension status are linked to depression in women having risk factors for pregnancy-induced hypertension. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Physiology, 8(2), 59–64. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.15
22. Prastiwi, F., Fitriyani, N., Budiman, A. A., & Rahmad, M. N. (2023). Education on Hypertension Prevention in The Elderly. Jurnal Kreatifitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM), 6(10), 4175–4182. https://doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v6i10.12137
23. Putra, I. C. S., Tanjung, J. E., & Dara, M. (2021). 29. The Association Between Hypertension And Depression In Aged Nursing Home Residents In Indonesia. Journal of Hypertension, 39(Supplement 2), e7–e8. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000752464.57332.ca
24. Rejeki, B. R., Krisnatuti, D., & Widajati, M. N. (n.d.). PENGUATAN DIMENSI EMOSIONAL LANSIA TANGGUH MELALUI EDUKASI KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DAN KONTROL DIRI SERTA PENGUKURAN TEIQUE DI SEKOLAH LANSIA BKL WIJAYA KUSUMA. 3(12). https://doi.org/10.8765/krepa.v3i12.9101
25. Smail, E., Kaufmann, C., & Manini, T. (2022). Testing The Moderating Effects Of Depressive Symptoms On A Physical Activity Intervention. Innovation in Aging, 6(Supplement_1), 90–91. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.359
26. Suling, F. R. W., Justine, A., & Suryanegara, W. (2024). Determinants of Hypertension in Outpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study at Kramat Jati Health Center, East Jakarta. Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research, 25(7), 32–44. https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2024/v25i7545
27. Tamansyah, G., & Fatah, V. F. (2023). Hubungan Dukungan Sosial Teman Dengan Depresi Pada Lansia. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia Florence Nightingale, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.34011/jkifn.v3i2.1781
28. Vishwakarma, D., Gaidhane, A., & Bhoi, S. R. (2023). Depression and Its Associated Factors Among the Elderly Population in India: A Review. Cureus, 15(6), e41013. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.41013
29. Wang, T., Liu, H., Zhou, X., & Wang, C. (2024). Trends in prevalence of hypertension and high-normal blood pressure among US adults, 1999–2018. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 25503. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76869-x
30. Wang, X., & Cai, J. (2022). Inspiration from strategy of blood pressure intervention in the elderly hypertensive patients for optimal blood pressure target. Chinese Medical Journal, 135(21), 2538–2540. https://doi.org/10.1097/CM9.0000000000002236
31. Sefriantina, S., Purwaningtyas, D. R., & Dhanny, D. R. (2023). Hubungan Tingkat Kecukupan Kalium, Kalsium, Magnesium, Tingkat Stres, Depresi dan Anxiety serta Kualitas Tidur dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Usia Dewasa Akhir di Sawangan Depok. Muhammadiyah Journal of Geriatric, 4(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.24853/mujg.4.1.10-22
