SARCOPENIA IN ELDERLY PATIENTS: WHAT ARE THE CONTRIBUTING RISK FACTORS?
Main Article Content
Sarcopenia in Elderly Patients: What are the Contributing Risk Factors?. Sarcopenia is the gradual loss of muscle mass associated with aging. The process by which sarcopenia occurs is not fully understood. Many factors are at risk of causing sarcopenia, such as age, gender, and physical activity. Early detection with the SARC-F questionnaire is needed to prevent sarcopenia. This study is a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach with total sampling to see the description of sarcopenia and risk factors in elderly patients at the Geriatric Polyclinic of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang. Primary data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire, and then analyzed univariately. A total of 48.4% of the elderly at the Geriatric Polyclinic of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang had sarcopenia findings. Patients in the sarcopenia group were mostly aged 70-79 years (41.9%), female (64.5%), married (58.1%), history of primary education (32.3%), had worked (58.1%), had mild comorbidities (58.1%), sedentary physical activity (74.2%), and at risk of malnutrition (54.8%).
Keywords:
Sarkopenia
Usia lanjut
SARC-F
Charlson Comorbidity Index
Physical Activity Scale for The Elderly
Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form
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Badan Pusat Statistik. Statistik Penduduk Lanjut Usia 2022 [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2023 May 27]. Available from: https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2022/12/27/3752f1d1d9b41aa69be 4c65c/statistik-penduduk-lanjut-usia-2022.html
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Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan RI. InfoDatin: Lansia Berdaya, Bangsa Sejahtera [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2023 May 27]. Available from: https://www.kemkes.go.id/downloads/resources/download/pusdatin/infodatin/Infodatin-Lansia-2022.pdf
BPS Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Kelompok Umur (Jiwa) [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2023 May 27]. Available from: https://sumsel.bps.go.id/indicator/12/278/1/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-kelompok-umur.html
Flint B, Tadi P. Physiology, Aging [Internet]. StatPearls. 2023 [cited 2023 May 27]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556106/?report=classic
Lintin GBR, Miranti. Hubungan Penurunan Kekuatan Otot dan Massa Otot dengan Proses Penuaan pada Individu Lanjut Usia yang Sehat secara Fisik. Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako [Internet]. 2019;5(1):1–5. Available from: http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/Healthy Tadulako/article/viewFile/12618/9761
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Sayer AA. Sarcopenia. The Lancet [Internet]. 2019; Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673619311389
Ardeljan AD, Hurezeanu R. Sarcopenia [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 Jun 2]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560813/
Harimurti K, Setiati S, Heriawan Soejono C, Suka Aryana I, Sunarti S, Budiningsih F, et al. Sarcopenia in a Multiethnic State: A Cross-Sectional Data Analysis of Multicentre Indonesia Longitudinal Aging Study. Vol. 55, Acta Med Indones-Indones J Intern Med •. 2023.
Setiati S, Laksmi PW, Aryana IGPS, Sunarti S, Widajanti N, Dwipa L, et al. Frailty State Among Indonesian Elderly: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Frailty State Transition. BMC Geriatr. 2019 Jul 3;19(1).
Krzymińska-Siemaszko R, Deskur-śmielecka E, Kaluźniak-Szymanowska A, Lewandowicz M, Wieczorowska-Tobis K. Comparison of Diagnostic Performance of SARC-F and Its Two Modified Versions (SARC-CalF and SARC-F+EBM) in Community-Dwelling Older Adults from Poland. Clin Interv Aging. 2020;15:583–94.
Sumandar, Yanti R, Fadhli R. Socio-Demographic, Nutritional Status, Risk Of Falls Toward Sarcopenia Among Community-Dwelling Elderly. STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan . 2021;10(1):130–7.
Wardhana DM, Widajanti N, Ichwani J. Hubungan Komponen Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment dan Sarkopenia pada Usia Lanjut. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia. 2019;6(4):188–95.
Widajanti N, Ichwani J, Dharmanta RS, Firdausi H, Haryono Y, Yulianti E, et al. Sarcopenia and Frailty Profile in the Elderly Community of Surabaya: A Descriptive Study. Vol. 52, ORIGINAL ARTICLE Acta Med Indones-Indones J Intern Med •. 2020.
Curcio F, Liguori I, Cellulare M, Sasso G, Della-Morte D, Gargiulo G, et al. Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) Score Is Related to Sarcopenia in Noninstitutionalized Older Adults. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy. 2019 Jul 1;42(3):130–5.
Alva M del CV, Camacho MEI, Velázquez JD, Lazarevich I. The Relationship Between Sarcopenia, Undernutrition, Physical Mobility and Basic Activities of Daily Living in a Group of Elderly Women of Mexico City. Nutr Hosp. 2013;28(2):514–21.
Cho MR, Lee S, Song SK. A Review of Sarcopenia Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment and Future Direction. J Korean Med Sci. 2022;37(18).
Handajani Y, Butterfill E, Hengky A, Sugiyono S, Lamadong V, Turana Y. Sarcopenia and Impairment in Global Cognitive, Delayed Memory, and Olfactory Function, among Community-Dwelling Adults, in Jakarta, Indonesia: Active Aging Study. Tzu Chi Med J. 2023;35(2):193.
Robinson S, Granic A, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Sayer AA. The Role of Nutrition in the Prevention of Sarcopenia. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2023 Nov 1;118(5):852–64.
Sumandar S, Ekaputri M, Ramadia A. Sarcopenia: The Prevalence and Associated Factors in Community-Dwelling Elderly. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. 2023;19(2):50–60.
Gong G, Wan W, Zhang X, Liu Y, Liu X, Yin J. Correlation between the Charlson comorbidity index and skeletal muscle mass/physical performance in hospitalized older people potentially suffering from sarcopenia. BMC Geriatr. 2019 Dec 23;19(1).
Zhang Y, Liu X, Ma Y, Li X. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Sarcopenia in Older Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2023 Aug 1;15(3471).
Prayuni AB, Tamin TZ, Alwin W, Friska D. Association of Physical Activity and Physical Performance with Sarcopenia in Elderly Obese Patient in Community. IndoJPMR. 2022;11:76–85.
